Automation is an extremely useful feature in music production, which allows parameters within a DAW to carry out functions and change elements of the music over time. From effecting parameters of an instrument track (such as expression and dynamics), modifying the volume or panning, altering values of effects plugins and much more; automation is the umbrella term that describes these changes within musical elements. The purpose of automation is to give music movement, making it more dynamic; and is essential when mixing and mastering, helping you achieve a professional final mix.